Ismael Rodríguez Rico is the eldest of his three brothers; when he was six years old, his father died; afterward, he and his brothers worked wherever they could; eventually, Ismael enlisted in the bracero program; as a bracero, he labored in the…
Margarita López was born April 15, 1934, in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; her parents were laborers, and she had six siblings; she was formally educated through the sixth grade; later, in 1950, she married Higinio López; she was fifteen years old…
Alejo López Silva was born July 17, 1933, on a ranch in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; he was the fourth born of his ten siblings; his formal education extended through the third grade; as a young boy, he worked in the fields; when he was thirteen…
Isaura Covarrubias was the third born of her fourteen siblings; she grew up with ten sisters and two brothers, because two of her siblings, twins, died when they were young; her father worked in agriculture, but it was not enough to support the…
Roberto Silva Marín was born June 6, 1938, in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; he had six sisters and five brothers; his father was a campesino; the family moved to Jalpa, Zacatecas, México when he was eight years old; as a young boy, he helped his…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Josefina Fajardo was born on October 3, 1936, in Juchipila, Zacatecas, México; she has an older brother and a younger sister; her father was never very involved in her life, and she was consequently raised by…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: José Humberto Félix Beltrán was born in Chacala, Durango, México, on October 11, 1932; as a child, he moved around a lot; in 1954, he enlisted in the bracero program; he worked in California for the next six…
